:root {
  --paper: #f7f5ef;
  --paper-warm: #eee7d8;
  --white: #fffefb;
  --ink: #14242a;
  --ink-soft: #536065;
  --brass: #9a7739;
  --brass-light: #d9c59d;
  --line: rgba(20, 36, 42, .16);
  --serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --shell: min(1320px, calc(100vw - 48px));
  --reading: 760px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.65; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
img { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-thickness: .07em; text-underline-offset: .18em; }
button, input { font: inherit; }
button { color: inherit; }
.shell { width: var(--shell); margin-inline: auto; }
.shell--wide { width: min(1480px, calc(100vw - 48px)); }
.section { padding: clamp(80px, 10vw, 150px) 0; }
.eyebrow { margin: 0 0 12px; color: var(--brass); font-size: .73rem; font-weight: 750; letter-spacing: .18em; line-height: 1.3; text-transform: uppercase; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
.skip-link { position: fixed; z-index: 1000; top: 12px; left: 12px; padding: 10px 16px; background: var(--ink); color: white; transform: translateY(-160%); }
.skip-link:focus { transform: none; }

.site-header { position: relative; z-index: 100; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: rgba(247,245,239,.95); }
.header__inner { min-height: 108px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(210px, .8fr) minmax(360px, 1.55fr) 120px auto; align-items: center; gap: clamp(20px, 3vw, 40px); }
.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 15px; width: fit-content; text-decoration: none; }
.brand__image { width: min(285px, 24vw); max-height: 76px; object-fit: contain; object-position: left center; }
.brand__name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2rem; font-style: italic; line-height: 1; }
.brand__arabic { padding-left: 14px; border-left: 1px solid var(--brass-light); color: var(--brass); font-family: serif; font-size: 1.25rem; }
.desktop-nav > ul, .mobile-menu ul, .site-footer ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.desktop-nav > ul { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: clamp(20px, 3vw, 46px); }
.desktop-nav a { font-size: .84rem; font-weight: 650; text-decoration: none; }
.desktop-nav .menu-item-has-children { position: relative; }
.desktop-nav .sub-menu { position: absolute; top: calc(100% + 20px); left: -22px; min-width: 250px; padding: 14px 0; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--white); box-shadow: 0 18px 50px rgba(20,36,42,.12); opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transform: translateY(-5px); transition: .2s ease; }
.desktop-nav li:hover > .sub-menu, .desktop-nav li:focus-within > .sub-menu { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; transform: none; }
.desktop-nav .sub-menu a { display: block; padding: 9px 22px; }
.institution-logo { display: block; }
.institution-logo img { width: 116px; max-height: 52px; object-fit: contain; opacity: .78; }
.header__actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; }
.icon-button, .menu-toggle { height: 50px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: transparent; cursor: pointer; }
.icon-button { width: 50px; border-radius: 50%; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.6rem; }
.menu-toggle { display: none; align-items: center; gap: 12px; padding: 0 18px; border-radius: 99px; font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.menu-toggle i { display: block; width: 19px; height: 8px; border-top: 1px solid; border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.search-panel { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 22px 0; background: var(--white); }
.search-panel form, .error-page form { display: flex; max-width: 760px; margin: 0 auto; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.search-panel input, .error-page input { flex: 1; min-width: 0; padding: 12px 0; border: 0; outline: 0; background: transparent; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 2.6rem); }
.search-panel button, .error-page button { border: 0; background: transparent; font-weight: 700; cursor: pointer; }

.hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; min-height: min(735px, 83vh); display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--white); }
.hero::before { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; opacity: .34; background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='180' height='180' viewBox='0 0 180 180'%3E%3Cg fill='none' stroke='%239a7739' stroke-opacity='.13' stroke-width='1'%3E%3Cpath d='M90 7l24 28 37-3-3 37 28 21-28 21 3 37-37-3-24 28-24-28-37 3 3-37L4 90l28-21-3-37 37 3z'/%3E%3Ccircle cx='90' cy='90' r='36'/%3E%3Cpath d='M90 7v166M7 90h166M31 31l118 118M149 31L31 149'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E"); }
.hero::after { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 520px; height: 520px; left: -280px; bottom: -280px; border: 1px solid var(--brass-light); border-radius: 50%; box-shadow: 0 0 0 80px rgba(154,119,57,.035), 0 0 0 160px rgba(154,119,57,.025); }
.hero__inner { position: relative; z-index: 1; text-align: center; }
.hero h1 { max-width: 980px; margin: 16px auto 24px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3.7rem, 8.2vw, 8rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.055em; line-height: .92; }
.hero__intro { max-width: 670px; margin: 0 auto 46px; color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.6vw, 1.25rem); }
.hero-search { width: min(750px, 100%); margin: 0 auto; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); text-align: left; }
.hero-search input { min-width: 0; padding: 17px 2px; border: 0; outline: 0; background: transparent; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2vw, 1.7rem); }
.hero-search button { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 22px; border: 0; background: transparent; font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 750; cursor: pointer; }

.section-heading { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: end; gap: 40px; margin-bottom: clamp(40px, 6vw, 80px); }
.section-heading h2 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 5vw, 5.3rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.04em; line-height: .95; }
.section-heading > p { max-width: 410px; margin: 0; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.category-list { margin: 0; padding: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); list-style: none; counter-reset: category; }
.category-list a { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 65px minmax(0, 1fr) auto 30px; align-items: center; gap: 24px; min-height: 104px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); text-decoration: none; transition: padding .22s ease, color .22s ease; }
.category-list a:hover { padding-inline: 16px; color: var(--brass); }
.category-list__number, .category-list__count { color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: .78rem; }
.category-list__name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 3vw, 2.8rem); line-height: 1.05; }
.category-list__arrow { font-size: 1.3rem; }

.section--ink { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }
.section-heading--light > p, .section--ink .story-meta, .section--ink .feature-story p { color: rgba(247,245,239,.65); }
.text-link { font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; }
.featured-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.55fr 1fr; gap: 0 clamp(50px, 7vw, 110px); }
.feature-story { border-top: 1px solid rgba(247,245,239,.22); }
.feature-story__link { display: block; padding: 28px 0 34px; text-decoration: none; }
.feature-story--lead { grid-row: span 3; border-top: 0; }
.feature-story--lead .feature-story__link { padding-top: 0; }
.feature-story figure { aspect-ratio: 16/10; margin: 0 0 30px; overflow: hidden; background: #23363d; }
.feature-story img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; transition: transform .55s ease; }
.feature-story:hover img { transform: scale(1.025); }
.feature-story h3 { margin: 8px 0 15px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3.5vw, 4rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.02; letter-spacing: -.035em; }
.feature-story:not(.feature-story--lead) h3 { font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.2vw, 2.25rem); }
.feature-story p { max-width: 620px; }
.story-meta { display: block; margin-top: 24px; font-size: .73rem; }

.audio-preview { background: var(--paper-warm); }
.audio-preview__layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, .75fr) minmax(420px, 1.5fr); gap: clamp(70px, 10vw, 170px); align-items: start; }
.audio-preview__intro { position: sticky; top: 40px; }
.audio-preview h2 { margin: 10px 0 26px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3rem, 5vw, 5.5rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.04em; line-height: .94; }
.audio-preview__intro > p:not(.eyebrow) { color: var(--ink-soft); }
.button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 20px; margin-top: 25px; padding: 13px 19px; border: 1px solid var(--brass); color: var(--ink); font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 750; text-decoration: none; }
.audio-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.audio-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 48px 1fr auto; align-items: center; gap: 22px; min-height: 118px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); text-decoration: none; }
.audio-row__play { width: 42px; height: 42px; display: grid; place-items: center; border: 1px solid var(--brass); border-radius: 50%; color: var(--brass); font-size: .72rem; padding-left: 2px; }
.audio-row strong { display: block; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2vw, 1.75rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.18; }
.audio-row small { display: block; margin-top: 7px; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.ranked-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.ranked-list a { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 70px 1fr auto; align-items: center; gap: 28px; min-height: 126px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); text-decoration: none; }
.ranked-list span { color: var(--brass); font-size: .78rem; }
.ranked-list h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.8rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.05; }
.ranked-list em { font-style: normal; }

.archive-hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; padding: clamp(90px, 12vw, 180px) 0 clamp(70px, 9vw, 130px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--white); }
.archive-hero::after { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 340px; height: 340px; right: -100px; top: -170px; border: 1px solid var(--brass-light); border-radius: 50%; }
.archive-hero__inner { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.archive-hero h1 { max-width: 1020px; margin: 14px 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 8vw, 7.5rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.055em; line-height: .93; }
.archive-hero__description { max-width: 650px; margin-top: 28px; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.archive-layout { padding-top: clamp(70px, 9vw, 130px); padding-bottom: clamp(90px, 12vw, 160px); }
.article-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-row { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-row__link { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(210px, .72fr) minmax(0, 1.7fr); gap: clamp(35px, 6vw, 100px); padding: 42px 0; text-decoration: none; }
.article-row__media { aspect-ratio: 16/10; overflow: hidden; background: var(--paper-warm); }
.article-row__media img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; transition: transform .45s ease; }
.article-row:hover img { transform: scale(1.025); }
.article-row__body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
.article-row__meta { display: flex; gap: 18px; color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: .75rem; }
.article-row__meta span { color: var(--brass); font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.article-row h2 { margin: 15px 0 12px; max-width: 850px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.6vw, 3.65rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.035em; line-height: 1.02; }
.article-row p { max-width: 700px; margin: 0; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.article-row__read { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 22px; font-size: .76rem; font-weight: 700; }
.article-row__read i { margin-left: 14px; font-style: normal; }
.navigation.pagination { margin-top: 55px; }
.nav-links { display: flex; gap: 7px; }
.page-numbers { min-width: 42px; height: 42px; display: grid; place-items: center; border: 1px solid var(--line); text-decoration: none; }
.page-numbers.current { background: var(--ink); color: white; }
.empty-state { padding: 70px 0; }
.empty-state h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2.5rem; font-weight: 400; }

.article-hero { padding: clamp(85px, 11vw, 170px) 0 clamp(65px, 8vw, 120px); background: var(--white); }
.article-hero__inner { max-width: 1080px; }
.article-hero h1 { margin: 18px 0 28px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 7.2vw, 7rem); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.052em; line-height: .94; }
.article-byline { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 13px; color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: .82rem; }
.article-cover { margin-top: -1px; }
.article-cover img { width: 100%; max-height: 760px; object-fit: cover; }
.article-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 145px minmax(0, var(--reading)) 1fr; gap: clamp(30px, 5vw, 90px); padding-top: clamp(70px, 9vw, 130px); padding-bottom: clamp(100px, 12vw, 170px); }
.article-aside { grid-column: 1; align-self: start; position: sticky; top: 30px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; }
.article-aside a, .article-aside button { padding: 0; border: 0; background: transparent; font-size: .76rem; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; }
.article-content { grid-column: 2; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 1.6vw, 1.35rem); line-height: 1.82; }
.article-content > :first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.article-content h2, .article-content h3, .page-content h2, .page-content h3 { margin: 2.1em 0 .65em; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.12; }
.article-content h2 { font-size: 2.25rem; }
.article-content h3 { font-size: 1.7rem; }
.article-content a { color: var(--brass); }
.article-content blockquote { margin: 2.5em 0; padding: 0 0 0 28px; border-left: 2px solid var(--brass); font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.55; }
.article-content img { margin: 2.5em auto; }
.article-content iframe { max-width: 100%; }
.audio-player { margin: 0 0 48px; padding: 25px; border-block: 1px solid var(--line); font-family: var(--sans); }
.takhrij { margin-top: 70px; border-block: 1px solid var(--line); font-family: var(--sans); }
.takhrij summary { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; padding: 24px 0; cursor: pointer; list-style: none; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.55rem; }
.takhrij summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.takhrij summary small { display: block; color: var(--brass); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .65rem; font-weight: 750; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.takhrij[open] summary i { transform: rotate(45deg); }
.takhrij > div { padding: 8px 0 25px; color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: .96rem; }
.related { background: var(--white); }
.related__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); border-block: 1px solid var(--line); }
.related__grid a { position: relative; min-height: 250px; padding: 32px; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); text-decoration: none; }
.related__grid a:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.related__grid h3 { margin: 12px 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.3vw, 2.3rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.08; }
.related__grid a > span:last-child { position: absolute; right: 32px; bottom: 28px; }
.page-content { max-width: var(--reading); padding-block: 80px 130px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.2rem; }
.error-page { min-height: 70vh; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; align-items: flex-start; padding-block: 100px; }
.error-page h1 { max-width: 850px; margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 7rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: .95; }
.error-page form { width: 100%; margin: 35px 0 0; }

.site-footer { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--white); }
.footer__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.3fr .7fr .8fr 1fr; gap: clamp(38px, 6vw, 90px); padding-block: 80px; }
.brand--footer { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.footer__brand p, .footer__institution span { display: block; max-width: 310px; color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: .84rem; }
.site-footer li { margin: 7px 0; }
.site-footer li a { font-size: .84rem; text-decoration: none; }
.footer__institution strong { display: block; margin-bottom: 12px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.35rem; font-weight: 400; }
.footer__base { min-height: 75px; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: .72rem; }

@media (max-width: 1020px) {
  .header__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr 92px auto; min-height: 92px; }
  .desktop-nav { display: none; }
  .institution-logo img { width: 90px; }
  .menu-toggle { display: flex; }
  .mobile-menu { padding: 20px 24px 32px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--white); }
  .mobile-menu a { display: block; padding: 10px 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.5rem; text-decoration: none; }
  .mobile-menu .sub-menu { padding-left: 20px; }
  .mobile-menu .sub-menu a { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .9rem; }
  .featured-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .feature-story--lead { grid-row: auto; }
  .feature-story--lead + .feature-story { margin-top: 30px; }
  .audio-preview__layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .audio-preview__intro { position: static; max-width: 600px; }
  .article-layout { grid-template-columns: 90px minmax(0, var(--reading)); }
  .footer__grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  :root { --shell: calc(100vw - 32px); }
  body { font-size: 16px; }
  .shell--wide { width: 100%; }
  .header__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr 64px auto; min-height: 76px; gap: 8px; }
  .brand__name { font-size: 1.55rem; }
  .brand__arabic { display: none; }
  .brand__image { width: 190px; max-height: 52px; }
  .institution-logo img { width: 62px; max-height: 35px; }
  .icon-button { width: 44px; height: 44px; }
  .menu-toggle { width: 44px; height: 44px; padding: 0; justify-content: center; border-radius: 50%; }
  .menu-toggle span { display: none; }
  .hero { min-height: 650px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: clamp(3.25rem, 15vw, 5.2rem); }
  .hero-search { grid-template-columns: 1fr 42px; }
  .hero-search button { font-size: 0; gap: 0; justify-content: center; }
  .hero-search button span { font-size: 1rem; }
  .section { padding: 75px 0; }
  .section-heading { display: block; margin-bottom: 38px; }
  .section-heading > p, .section-heading .text-link { display: block; margin-top: 22px; }
  .category-list a { grid-template-columns: 38px minmax(0,1fr) 20px; min-height: 82px; gap: 12px; }
  .category-list__count { display: none; }
  .category-list__name { font-size: 1.45rem; }
  .featured-grid { display: block; }
  .feature-story h3, .feature-story:not(.feature-story--lead) h3 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
  .audio-preview__layout { gap: 48px; }
  .audio-row { grid-template-columns: 42px 1fr auto; gap: 15px; }
  .ranked-list a { grid-template-columns: 38px 1fr auto; gap: 14px; min-height: 95px; }
  .archive-hero { padding: 80px 0 62px; }
  .archive-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(3.15rem, 15vw, 5.4rem); }
  .article-row__link { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 25px; padding: 32px 0 38px; }
  .article-row__media { aspect-ratio: 16/9; }
  .article-row h2 { font-size: 2rem; }
  .article-hero { padding: 75px 0 60px; }
  .article-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(3rem, 14vw, 5rem); }
  .article-layout { display: block; padding-top: 65px; }
  .article-aside { position: static; flex-direction: row; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 35px; }
  .article-content { font-size: 1.12rem; }
  .related__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .related__grid a { min-height: 190px; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .related__grid a:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
  .footer__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-block: 65px; }
  .footer__base { min-height: 95px; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; gap: 6px; align-items: flex-start; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after { scroll-behavior: auto !important; transition-duration: .01ms !important; animation-duration: .01ms !important; animation-iteration-count: 1 !important; }
}